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Jim Johnson (boxer)
"Battling" Jim Johnson (September 2, 1887〔Some sources say his birth year was 1883〕 – November 6, 1918) was an American boxer who fought as a heavyweight from 1908 to 1918. He had little success〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/johnson-battling-jim.htm )〕 and lost with great frequency to top boxers such as Sam Langford, Joe Jeanette, Sam McVey, Harry Wills and Kid Norfolk. In spite of this (or because of it), Jack Johnson, the first black world heavyweight champion, gave him a title shot. When they fought in Paris in August 1913, it was the first time that two black boxers had fought for the world heavyweight title. Battling Jim was the only black fighter Johnson faced during his reign as heavyweight champ from 1908 to 1915.
==The color bar==
The color bar that kept black heavyweights from fighting for the title between the reigns of heavyweight champs John L. Sullivan (who refused to fight blacks) and James J. Braddock (who gave a title shot to Joe Louis in 1937 and lost the title) remained in force even under Jack Johnson. Once he was the world's heavyweight champion, Johnson did not fight a black opponent for the first five years of his reign. He denied matches to black heavyweights Joe Jeanette (one of his successors as World Colored Heavyweight Champ, a title he held from 1903 to 1908, when he relinquished it on winning the world title), Sam Langford (who beat Jeanette for the colored heavyweight title), and the young Harry Wills (who was colored heavyweight champ during the last year of Johnson's reign as world's heavyweight champ).
Blacks were not given a shot at the title allegedly because Johnson felt that he could make more money fighting white boxers. In August 1913, as Johnson neared the end of his troubled reign as world heavyweight champion, there were rumors that he had agreed to fight Langford in Paris for the title, but it came to nought. Johnson claimed that Langford was unable to raise $30,000 (equivalent to approximately $ in today's funds) for his guarantee.
Because black boxers with the exception of Jack Johnson had been barred from fighting for the heavyweight championship because of racism, Johnson’s refusal to fight African-Americans offended the African-American community, since the opportunity to fight top white boxers was rare. Jeanette criticized Johnson, saying, "Jack forgot about his old friends after he became champion and drew the color line against his own people."
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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